> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://developers.circle.com/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# How-to: Deposit fiat

> Link a bank account and deposit fiat to mint USDC or EURC in your Circle Mint account.

Deposit fiat (onramp) from an external bank account to mint USDC or EURC in your
Circle Mint balance. The `/wires` endpoint supports multiple payment rails,
including standard wires (FedWire and SWIFT), real-time interbank rails (RTP,
SPEI, SEPA, and CHATS) where available, and book transfers when you bank with
one of Circle's settlement partners.

<Note>
  This guide focuses on standard wire deposits. The same endpoint handles other
  rails -- Circle routes the deposit based on your linked bank and region.
  Rail-specific parameters and additional endpoints (such as CUBIX and PIX for
  local currencies) are out of scope here.
</Note>

## Prerequisites

Before you begin:

* Complete the
  [account and API key setup](/circle-mint/quickstarts/getting-started).
* Have access to a bank account that can send wire transfers.

## Step 1. Link a bank account

Use the
[create a wire bank account](/api-reference/circle-mint/account/create-business-wire-account)
endpoint to register your external bank account with Circle Mint.

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST https://api-sandbox.circle.com/v1/businessAccount/banks/wires \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer ${YOUR_API_KEY}" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"idempotencyKey":"ba943ff1-ca16-49b2-ba55-1057e70ca5c7","accountNumber":"12340010","routingNumber":"121000248","billingDetails":{"name":"Satoshi Nakamoto","city":"Boston","country":"US","line1":"100 Money Street","district":"MA","postalCode":"01234"},"bankAddress":{"bankName":"SAN FRANCISCO","city":"SAN FRANCISCO","country":"US","line1":"100 Money Street","district":"CA"}}'
```

Expected response:

```json theme={null}
{
  "data": {
    "id": "9d1fa351-b24d-442a-8aa5-e717db1ed636",
    "status": "pending",
    "description": "WELLS FARGO BANK, NA ****0010",
    "trackingRef": "CIR2GKYL4B",
    "virtualAccountEnabled": true,
    "billingDetails": {
      "name": "Satoshi Nakamoto",
      "line1": "100 Money Street",
      "city": "Boston",
      "postalCode": "01234",
      "district": "MA",
      "country": "US"
    },
    "bankAddress": {
      "bankName": "WELLS FARGO BANK, NA",
      "line1": "100 Money Street",
      "city": "SAN FRANCISCO",
      "district": "CA",
      "country": "US"
    },
    "createDate": "2023-11-04T20:02:21.062Z",
    "updateDate": "2023-11-04T20:02:21.062Z"
  }
}
```

Record the `id` and `trackingRef` values from the response. You use both in the
following steps.

## Step 2. Retrieve wire instructions

Use the
[get wire instructions](/api-reference/circle-mint/account/get-business-wire-account-instructions)
endpoint to fetch the beneficiary details your bank needs to send the wire.

```bash theme={null}
curl https://api-sandbox.circle.com/v1/businessAccount/banks/wires/${BANK_ACCOUNT_ID}/instructions \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer ${YOUR_API_KEY}"
```

Expected response:

```json theme={null}
{
  "data": {
    "trackingRef": "CIR22FEP33",
    "beneficiary": {
      "name": "CIRCLE INTERNET FINANCIAL INC",
      "address1": "1 MAIN STREET",
      "address2": "SUITE 1"
    },
    "virtualAccountEnabled": true,
    "beneficiaryBank": {
      "name": "CRYPTO BANK",
      "address": "1 MONEY STREET",
      "city": "NEW YORK",
      "postalCode": "1001",
      "country": "US",
      "swiftCode": "CRYPTO99",
      "routingNumber": "999999999",
      "accountNumber": "123815146304",
      "currency": "USD"
    }
  }
}
```

The response includes:

* **Beneficiary details** -- the name and address of the recipient (Circle).
* **Routing information** -- the bank name, SWIFT code, and routing number for
  the beneficiary bank.
* **Virtual Account Number** -- the `beneficiaryBank.accountNumber` field,
  unique to your linked bank account.
* **Tracking reference** -- the `trackingRef` value to include in the wire memo.

### Virtual account numbers

Not all Circle settlement banks support Virtual Account Numbers. When
`virtualAccountEnabled` is `true` in the wire instructions response, the linked
bank account has a unique VAN in the `beneficiaryBank.accountNumber` field. When
the sender includes the VAN as the account number on their wire, the tracking
reference in the wire memo becomes optional.

When `virtualAccountEnabled` is `false`, the sender must include the
`trackingRef` in the wire memo so Circle can match the deposit to your account.

Benefits of using a VAN (where supported):

* Eliminates the need for senders to include tracking references in payment
  instructions.
* Reduces wire returns caused by missing or incorrect tracking references.
* Supports all wire types: domestic, international, and SWIFT.

## Step 3. Send the wire deposit

In production, initiate the wire transfer from your bank using the instructions
returned in Step 2. Confirm that the wire details -- beneficiary name, account
number, and routing number -- match exactly. Mismatched details can result in
wire returns or processing delays of several business days.

Domestic wire deposits received before the daily cutoff typically settle on the
same business day. International wires may take longer depending on intermediary
banks.

### Simulate a deposit in sandbox

In the sandbox environment, use the
[mock wire payment](/api-reference/circle-mint/account/create-mock-wire-payment)
endpoint to simulate a wire deposit without sending real funds. Provide the
`trackingRef` from Step 2 and the `beneficiaryBank.accountNumber` (the VAN) from
the wire instructions response.

```bash theme={null}
curl -X POST https://api-sandbox.circle.com/v1/mocks/payments/wire \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer ${YOUR_API_KEY}" \
  -H "Content-Type: application/json" \
  -d '{"amount":{"amount":"50.00","currency":"USD"},"trackingRef":"CIR22FEP33","beneficiaryBank":{"accountNumber":"123815146304"}}'
```

Expected response:

```json theme={null}
{
  "data": {
    "trackingRef": "CIR22FEP33",
    "amount": {
      "amount": "50.00",
      "currency": "USD"
    },
    "beneficiaryBank": {
      "accountNumber": "123815146304"
    },
    "status": "pending"
  }
}
```

<Note>
  The mock wire endpoint is available in sandbox only. Mock wire deposits
  process in batches and may take up to 15 minutes to complete.
</Note>

## Step 4. Verify the deposit

Use the
[list deposits](/api-reference/circle-mint/account/list-business-deposits)
endpoint to confirm the incoming fiat deposit has settled.

```bash theme={null}
curl https://api-sandbox.circle.com/v1/businessAccount/deposits \
  -H "Authorization: Bearer ${YOUR_API_KEY}"
```

Expected response:

```json theme={null}
{
  "data": [
    {
      "id": "b8627ae8-732b-4d25-b947-1df8f4007a29",
      "sourceWalletId": "1000066041",
      "destination": {
        "type": "wallet",
        "id": "1000066041"
      },
      "amount": {
        "amount": "50.00",
        "currency": "USD"
      },
      "status": "complete",
      "createDate": "2024-01-01T12:00:00.000Z"
    }
  ]
}
```

## See also

* [How minting and redemption works](/circle-mint/concepts/how-minting-works) --
  understand the minting process
* [Sandbox to Production](/circle-mint/references/sandbox-and-testing) --
  transition to production
* [Create a wire bank account](/api-reference/circle-mint/account/create-business-wire-account)
  \-- API reference